AGRICULTURE ALGERIE: ALGERIE, MOTOCULTEUR POUR SEMER DES FOURRAGES EN STRIP-TILL

Pour de petites surfaces fourragères, le motoculteur est intéressant pour semer. Le strip-till (travailler le sol que sur le rang permet des économies). Voir les 3 vidéos.

Remarquez le semoir et la trémie pour localiser l'engrais sur le rang.

Strip tillage planter seeder for power tiller or 2 ... - YouTube

Vidéo pour "https://youtu.be/JEGpTNQ5QhA"

▶ 0:36

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEGpTNQ5QhA

Ajouté par Abu Noor Mostofa Suza

License. Standard YouTube License. Loading... Autoplay When autoplay is enabled, a suggested video will ...

Khedut Agro Engineering Pvt. Ltd. - YouTube

Vidéo pour "https://youtu.be/pX-way80mk0"

▶ 12:05

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pX-way80mk0

7 févr. 2013 - Ajouté par khedutagro

This machine is taking 3 or More then 3 seeds. We need is single seed holder. This is small machine India need ...

Regional Conference on Conservation Agriculture for Smallholders in Asia and Africa. 7-11 December 2014, Mymensigh, Bangladesh 27

Figure 1.

2WT operated no till seeder

Cost Effective Small No-till Seeder for Two Wheel Tractor in Bangladesh

Md. Israil Hossain

1, Jeff Esdaile

2, MK Gathala

3, TP Tiwari

3and Md. Ilias Hossain

1Regional Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, mdisrail@gmail.com; iliasrwrc@gmail.com

2Agricultural Consultant, ACIAR Project, NSW, Australia; rjesdaile@gmail.com

3CIMMYT Bangladesh, Dhaka; m.gathala@cgiar.org; t.tiwari@cgiar.org

Introduction

Conservation agriculture (CA) based two wheel tractor (2WT) operated seeding implements are becoming popular among farmers. About 700,000 2WT are operating in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, no-till seeder of 2WT was first developed in WRC, BARI with FAO-CIMMYT supported programme (2003-04). This seeder had no press wheel and limitation to bold size seeds sowing. The no-till seeder was improved with ACIAR support with the introduction of lighter weight toolbar frame, press wheel attachment, seed and fertilizer box fixing over the handle bar of a tractor for free flow of seeds to ground (Hossain et al., 2009). This seeder performed better through crop residue but operators were still not satisfied due to the height of seed box which blocked the forward view of the field being seeded. Therefore, a user-friendly, small 2WT no till seeder was developed capable of handling most seeds and managing residue properly.

Materials and methods

Two wheel tractor operated no-till seeder is a pull type seeder and it has been developed in BARI Rajshahi. The major components and specifications are shown in Table 1. All accessories were set up under the handle bar of the tractor. Field performance and adaptive trials were conducted in the farmers’ fields by attaching a 12Hp Chinese Dongfeng 2WT in North West drought prone area during 2011-14 for wheat, mungbean, chickpea, maize and rice establishment (Fig.1).

Table 1

. Specification of 2WT operated no-till seeder and accessories S.N. Items of no-till seeder Specification Remarks 1 Power 12-16 Hp, 2WT; one operator Dongfeng type 2 Hitch plate 120 x 150 mm; Steel plate Clump and lock pin used 3 Toolbar frame 800 x 1120 mm; 3 bar; 50mm Sq stainless steel Middle bar position adjustable 4 Seed & fertilizer box 800x330 mm; 22 gauge steel plate 5 Seed meter mechanism 170 mm, Inclined plate, variable cell size Plate adjustable 30-60

position 6 Furrow opener 510x70x10mm“T” type; Steel Using used car leaf spring 7 Press wheel 250-50 mm; rubber coated Seeding row adjustable 8 Power transmission Chain No. 428 with different size sprocket Power from wheel axel 9 Depth control bar 460 x 10 mm steel bar 10 Over all dimension 2460x1120x1200 mm weight; 115 kg (without engine) Turning 1.5 m space

Regional Conference on Conservation Agriculture for Smallholders in Asia and Africa. 7-11 December 2014, Mymensigh, Bangladesh 28

Field performances of the seeder were recorded as per Regional Network of Agricultural Machinery (RNAM) Test Code. Cost was calculated according to the farm machinery utilization method (Hunt, 1995).

Results and Discussion

Field performance of the no-till seeder for wheat, maize, mungbean, chickpea establishment in several farmers’ field indicated that crops can be established immediately after rice harvest using residual soil moisture. There was enough ground clearance (45 cm) between soil surface and toolbar frame. Furrow opener layout facilitated crop residue passage without blockage. Row positions can be adjusted sliding the clamp of tynes on the toolbar frame. Effective field capacity of the seeder was 0.12 ha/hr. Seeding with 4 tynes was more appropriate for soft to medium hard soil and 3 tynes for hard soils. The inclined plate seed metering device performed satisfactorily with small to large seeds (Table 2). The seeder was tested in a wheat-mungbean-rice crop rotation lasting 4 years at Rajshahi where the soil type is dominantly silty clay loam. Rice was seeded directly in unploughed/unpuddled soil. There were no significant yield variations between no-till and conventional method (Table 3). Weed management in no-till rice cultivation is still challenging to convince traditional rice farmers.

Table 2.

Crop establishment by no-till seeder Parameter Wheat Maize Mungbean Chickpea Variety Prodip NK 40 BARI Mug-6 BARI Sola 9 Seed rate (kg/ha) 120 20 23 35 Row to row spacing (cm) 20 60 30 40 Average seed to seed distance (cm) 1 20 5 8-10 Number of row per pass 4 2 3 3 Depth of planting (cm) 4 5 4 5 Plant population (m

) 198 9 34 32 Width of soil opening slits (cm) 2-3 2.5-3 2-3 3 Planting uniformity (%) 85 95 88 94

Table 3.

Comparison of yield (t/ha) between no till and conventional planting method Planting cost and break-even point used for no-till seeder was calculated on the basis of fixed cost and variable cost. There were significant cost differences between no-till and conventional practice (Table 4). Break-even point of no till seeder was 4.0 ha.

Year Wheat Mungbean Rice Maize Chickpea No till Conv. No till Conv. No till Conv. No till Conv. No till Conv. 2011 3.6 3.3 0.9 0.8 3.4 3.5 8.3 8.7 - - 2012 3.7 3.3 1.0 0.8 3.5 3.7 8.2 8.4 1.8 1.2 2013 3.7 3.4 1.1 0.9 3.63 3.6 8.6 8.7 2.1 1.2 2014 3.9 3.5 1.2 0.9 3.72 4.0 8.8 8.9 1.7 1.1 LSD (0.05) 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.119 0.11 0.26 0.23 0.23 0.19

Regional Conference on Conservation Agriculture for Smallholders in Asia and Africa. 7-11 December 2014, Mymensigh, Bangladesh 29

Table 4.

Comparison of cost of planting by no-till and conventional system

Sl No. Planting system Cost of planting (Tk./ha) Wheat Mungbean Maize Chickpea Rice 1 No till seeder 2175 2175 1975 2175 2175 2 Conventional method 5437 5437 14500 5437 8675 ** ** ** ** ** 1 US$= Tk.78.0 ** indicates highly significant at 1% level

The 2WT (9Kw) no-till seeder can pull 4 tynes in soft to medium hard soil but 3 tynes in hard soil and it was capable of seeding through heavy rice and wheat residue (1.5 - 2.4 t/ha) without blockages as there are sufficient clearance between toolbar frame and ground surface. The seeder is low cost (US$ 350-400; without power unit), light in weight and local manufacturer can fabricate complete set of no-till seeder within a short period of time. The no-till seeder can be used in other Asian countries where the 2WT is the common farming equipment.

Acknowledgments

CIMMYT and ACIAR for technical and financial support to conduct this research work and to all farmers and technicians associated with this no till seeder work.

References

Hossain MI,

Esdaile RJ, Bell RW, Holland C, Haque E, Sayre K, Alam M (2009). Actual Challenges: Developing low cost no-till seeding technologies for heavy residues; Small-scale no-till seeders for two wheel tractors. Proceedings of 4

World Congress on Conservation agriculture, New Delhi. Hunt D (1995) Farm Power and Machinery Management. Cost Determination. 9

Edition, Iowa State University Press, America. Saunders DA (1988) Crop management research: Summary of results, 1983-88. Monograph No.5: Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur, Bangladesh